Active to Passive Voice Rules Bangla
সকল Tense- এ Active Voice- কে Passive Voice করার নিয়মাবলী
2. Active Voice-এ যেটি Subject থাকে Passive Voice-এ সেটি Object হয়
এবং ঐ Object- এর পূর্বে ‘by’ Preposition বসে।
3. Active Voice- এর মূল Verb টি Passive Voice- এর Past Participle হয় এবং ক্রিয়ার Tense অনুসারে Verb- এর পূর্বে সাহায্যকারী Verb বসে।
প্রশ্নবোধক (Interrogative) বাক্যের Passive Voice করার নিয়মাবলী
4. Active Voice-এর বাক্যটি প্রশ্নবোধক হইলে Passive Voice করিবার সময় উহাকে Assertive বাক্যে পরিণত করিয়া Voice করতে হবে এবং পরে ঐ বাক্যকে আবার প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্যে রূপান্তরিত করতে হবে। যথাঃ
সাহায্যকারী Verb সম্বন্ধে কয়েকটি নিয়ম
Int. Active-Do I play foot-ball? Assertive Active- I play foot-ball. Int. Passive- is foot-ball played by me? Assertve Passive- Foot-ball is played by me.
Present Indefinite Tense
1. Active Voice-এর বাক্যটি যদি Present Indefinite Tense হয়, তবে Passive Voice করার সময় Subject অনুসারে সাহায্যকারী Verb am, is, are-এর যে কোন একটি বসাতে হবে। যেমনঃ
Active- I read a book. Passive- A book is read by me.
Active- You see a bird.
Passive- A bird is seen by you.
Active- He catches birds. Passive-
Birds are caught by him. Int. Active-Do I eat rice?
I eat rice, (Assertive Active) Rice is eaten by me (Assertive Passive)
Int. Passive Is rice eaten by me?
Active- Does he love you?
Passive- Are you loved by him?
Active- We do not play football.
Passive- Football is not played by us. Active- What do you want?
Passive- What is wanted by you? Active- Whom do you want?
Passive- Who is wanted by you?
Present Continuous Tense
2. Active Voice-এর বাক্যটি Present Continuous Tense হলে Passive Voice- এর সময় Subject অনুসারে সাহায্যকারী Verb is being, am being, are being- এর যে কোন একটি হবে। যেমনঃ
Active- I am eating some mangoes. Passive- Some mangoes are being eaten by me.
Active- Is he catching a fish?
Passive- Is a fish being caught by him? Active- Are you not writing a letter?
Passive- Is not a letter being written by you?
Active- They are reading the book with great attention.
Passive- The book is being read with great attention by them.
Active- We are giving the beggar alms. Passive- The beggar is being given alms by us.
Active- He is making tea.
Passive-Tea is being made by him.
Present Perfect Tense
3. Active Voice- এর বাক্যটি Present Perfect Tense হলে Passive Voice- এর সময় Subject অনুসারে সাহায্যকারী Verb ‘have been’ বা ‘has been’ হবে। যেমনঃ
Active- God has created the earth.
Passive- The earth has been created by God.
Active- I have not seen the moon.
Passive- The moon has not been seen by me.
Active- Has he killed the tiger?
Passive- Has the tiger been killed by him?
Active-Have you not read the letter?
Passive- Has not the letter been read by you?
Active- Worms have eaten into the book.
Passive- The book has been eaten into by worms.
Active- Reading has made him a learned man.
Passive- He has been made a learned man by reading.
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
3. Active Voice- এর মূল Verb টি Passive Voice- এর Past Participle হয় এবং ক্রিয়ার Tense অনুসারে Verb- এর পূর্বে সাহায্যকারী Verb বসে।
প্রশ্নবোধক (Interrogative) বাক্যের Passive Voice করার নিয়মাবলী
4. Active Voice-এর বাক্যটি প্রশ্নবোধক হইলে Passive Voice করিবার সময় উহাকে Assertive বাক্যে পরিণত করিয়া Voice করতে হবে এবং পরে ঐ বাক্যকে আবার প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্যে রূপান্তরিত করতে হবে। যথাঃ
সাহায্যকারী Verb সম্বন্ধে কয়েকটি নিয়ম
Int. Active-Do I play foot-ball? Assertive Active- I play foot-ball. Int. Passive- is foot-ball played by me? Assertve Passive- Foot-ball is played by me.
Present Indefinite Tense
1. Active Voice-এর বাক্যটি যদি Present Indefinite Tense হয়, তবে Passive Voice করার সময় Subject অনুসারে সাহায্যকারী Verb am, is, are-এর যে কোন একটি বসাতে হবে। যেমনঃ
Active- I read a book. Passive- A book is read by me.
Active- You see a bird.
Passive- A bird is seen by you.
Active- He catches birds. Passive-
Birds are caught by him. Int. Active-Do I eat rice?
I eat rice, (Assertive Active) Rice is eaten by me (Assertive Passive)
Int. Passive Is rice eaten by me?
Active- Does he love you?
Passive- Are you loved by him?
Active- We do not play football.
Passive- Football is not played by us. Active- What do you want?
Passive- What is wanted by you? Active- Whom do you want?
Passive- Who is wanted by you?
Present Continuous Tense
2. Active Voice-এর বাক্যটি Present Continuous Tense হলে Passive Voice- এর সময় Subject অনুসারে সাহায্যকারী Verb is being, am being, are being- এর যে কোন একটি হবে। যেমনঃ
Active- I am eating some mangoes. Passive- Some mangoes are being eaten by me.
Active- Is he catching a fish?
Passive- Is a fish being caught by him? Active- Are you not writing a letter?
Passive- Is not a letter being written by you?
Active- They are reading the book with great attention.
Passive- The book is being read with great attention by them.
Active- We are giving the beggar alms. Passive- The beggar is being given alms by us.
Active- He is making tea.
Passive-Tea is being made by him.
Present Perfect Tense
3. Active Voice- এর বাক্যটি Present Perfect Tense হলে Passive Voice- এর সময় Subject অনুসারে সাহায্যকারী Verb ‘have been’ বা ‘has been’ হবে। যেমনঃ
Active- God has created the earth.
Passive- The earth has been created by God.
Active- I have not seen the moon.
Passive- The moon has not been seen by me.
Active- Has he killed the tiger?
Passive- Has the tiger been killed by him?
Active-Have you not read the letter?
Passive- Has not the letter been read by you?
Active- Worms have eaten into the book.
Passive- The book has been eaten into by worms.
Active- Reading has made him a learned man.
Passive- He has been made a learned man by reading.
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
4. Active Voice- এর বাক্যটি যদি
Present Perfect Continuous Tense হয়, তবে Passive Voice করিবার সময় সাহায্যকারী
Verb Subject অনুসারে have been being বা has been being হইবে। এই Tense-এর
প্রয়োজন হয় না। ইহার ব্যবহার খুবই কম। তবে নিম্নোক্ত নিয়ম অনুসরণে Voice করা যেতে পারে।
যেমনঃ
Active- I have been writing this letter since morning.
Passive- This letter has been being written by me since morning. Active- He has not been making this box since Friday.
Passive- This box has not been being made by him since Friday.
Active- Has Karim been reading the novel?
Passive- Has the novel been being read by Karim?
Past Indefinite Tense
5. Active Voice-এর বাক্যটি Past Indefinite Tense হইলে Passive Voice-এ পরিবর্তিত করিবার
সময় Subject অনুসারে সাহায্যকারী Verb was বা were হইবে। যেমনঃ
Active- I wrote a letter.
Passive- A letter was written by me. .
Active- He caught a bird
Passive- A bird was caught by him.
Active-They competed for the prize.
Passive-The prize was competed for by them.
Active- They did not make him king. Passive- He was not made king by them.
Active- Did I lose my pen?
Passive- Was my pen lost by me?
Active- Did they not give me the book?
Passive- Was not the book given me by them?
Active- Who taught you Bengali?
Passive- By whom were you taught Bengali? or, By whom was Bengali taught you?
Active- Whom did he look for?
Passive- Who was looked for by him? Active- Why did your brother write such a letter?
Passive- Why was such a letter written by your brother?
Past Continuous Tense
6. Active Voice-এর বাক্যটি Past Continuous Tense হইলে Passive Voice-এ রূপান্তরিত করিবার সময় Subject অনুসারে সাহায্যকারী Verb 'was being 'বা were being' হইবে। যেমনঃ Active- They were making him a prisoner.
Passive- He was being made a prisoner by them. Active- The boys were not playing cards.
Passive- Cards were not being played by the boys.
Active- Was Karim flying a kite?
Passive- Was a kite being flown by Karim?
Active-Were they putting the things right?
Passive-Were the things being put right by them?
Past Perfect Tense
7. Active Voice-এর বাক্যটি যদি Past Perfect Tense হয়, তবে Passive Voice-এ পরিবর্তিত করিবার সময় সাহায্যকারী Verb 'had been'হইবে। যথাঃ
Active- He had sold milk.
Passive- Milk had been sold by him
Active- They had not done the work.
Passive- The work had not been done by them.
Active- Had the thieves taken away everything?
Passive- Had everything been taken away by the thieves?
Active- Had I not worked out the sum?
wank oul: অসামান স্থাজ বের করা।
Passive Had not the sum been worked out by me?
N.B. Tense অনুসারে এই Voice এর ব্যবহার খুব কম হয়।
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
8. Active Voice- এর বাক্যটি Past Perfect Continuous Tense হইলে Passive Voice- এর সময় সাহায্যকারী Verb 'had been being' হইবে। তবে এই Tense- এর ব্যবহার নাই বলিলেই চলে। যথাঃ
Active- I had been doing the work for four days. Passive- The work had been being done by me for four days.
Active- They had been writing some letters. Passive- Some letters had been being written by them.
Future Indefinite Tense
9. Active Voice-এর বাক্যটি Future Indefinite Tense হইলে Passive Voice-এ পরিবর্তন করিবার সময় Subject অনুসারে সাহায্যকারী Verb 'shall be 'বা 'will be' হইবে। যেমনঃ
Active- He will sell milk.
Passive- Milk will be sold by him.
Active- Shall I eat rice?
(Simple Futurity Simple Futurity
Passive-Will rice be eaten by me?
Active- Hira will not buy the book.
Passive The book will not be bought by Hira.
Active-Will they not catch the fish?
Passive- Will not the fish be caught by them? Active- Shall I call your sister?
Passive- Will/Shall your sister be called by me?
Note: 'Shall/Will' in the Interrogative Sentence সম্বন্ধে ভালভাবে বুঝিতে পারিলে Future Tense-এর প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্যের Voice Change করা সহজ হয়। তবে Voice- এর বেলায় 'Shall'e 'Will' কে প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্যের নিয়মে প্রয়োগ করিতে না পারিলে সকল ক্ষেত্রে ভুল ধরা হয় না।
Future Continuous Tense
10. Active Voice-এর বাক্যটি Future Continuous Tense হইলে Passive Voice করিবার সময় Subject অনুসারে সাহায্যকারী Verb 'shall be being' বা 'will be being' হইবে। যেমনঃ
Active- He will be selling milk.
Passive- Milk will be being sold by him.
Active-1 shall not be doing this task.
Passive- This task will not be being done by me. Active- Will they be flying a kite?
Passive- Will a kite be being flown by them? (Simple Futurity)
Active-Will not the teacher be teaching the student?
Passive- Will not the student be being taught by the teacher?
Future Perfect Tense
11. Active Voice-এর বাক্যটি যদি Future Perfect Tense হয়, তবে Passive Voice করিবার সময় Subject অনুসারে সাহায্যকারী Verb 'shall have been' বা 'will have been' হইবে। যেমনঃ
Active- He will have sold milk by this time.
Passive Milk will have been sold by this time by him.
Active- Will you have seen the moon ? (A destre of the person spoken to.)
Passive- Shall/Will the moon have been seen by you?
(A destre of the person spoken to.)
বিঃ দ্রঃ- Shall- এর পরিবর্তে Will বসাইলে যদিও বাক্যটি Simple Future হইবে, তবুও Correct হিসাবে গণ্য হইবে।
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
12. Active Voice এর বাক্যটি Future Perfect Continuous Tense হইলে Passive Voice- এর সময় সাহায্যকারী Verb 'shall have been being' বা 'will have been being' হইবে। (এই Tense- এর অনুসরণে Voice- এর ব্যবহার নাই।) যথাঃ
Active -I shall have been eating rice. Passive-Rice will have been being eaten by me.
প্রয়োজন হয় না। ইহার ব্যবহার খুবই কম। তবে নিম্নোক্ত নিয়ম অনুসরণে Voice করা যেতে পারে।
যেমনঃ
Active- I have been writing this letter since morning.
Passive- This letter has been being written by me since morning. Active- He has not been making this box since Friday.
Passive- This box has not been being made by him since Friday.
Active- Has Karim been reading the novel?
Passive- Has the novel been being read by Karim?
Past Indefinite Tense
5. Active Voice-এর বাক্যটি Past Indefinite Tense হইলে Passive Voice-এ পরিবর্তিত করিবার
সময় Subject অনুসারে সাহায্যকারী Verb was বা were হইবে। যেমনঃ
Active- I wrote a letter.
Passive- A letter was written by me. .
Active- He caught a bird
Passive- A bird was caught by him.
Active-They competed for the prize.
Passive-The prize was competed for by them.
Active- They did not make him king. Passive- He was not made king by them.
Active- Did I lose my pen?
Passive- Was my pen lost by me?
Active- Did they not give me the book?
Passive- Was not the book given me by them?
Active- Who taught you Bengali?
Passive- By whom were you taught Bengali? or, By whom was Bengali taught you?
Active- Whom did he look for?
Passive- Who was looked for by him? Active- Why did your brother write such a letter?
Passive- Why was such a letter written by your brother?
Past Continuous Tense
6. Active Voice-এর বাক্যটি Past Continuous Tense হইলে Passive Voice-এ রূপান্তরিত করিবার সময় Subject অনুসারে সাহায্যকারী Verb 'was being 'বা were being' হইবে। যেমনঃ Active- They were making him a prisoner.
Passive- He was being made a prisoner by them. Active- The boys were not playing cards.
Passive- Cards were not being played by the boys.
Active- Was Karim flying a kite?
Passive- Was a kite being flown by Karim?
Active-Were they putting the things right?
Passive-Were the things being put right by them?
Past Perfect Tense
7. Active Voice-এর বাক্যটি যদি Past Perfect Tense হয়, তবে Passive Voice-এ পরিবর্তিত করিবার সময় সাহায্যকারী Verb 'had been'হইবে। যথাঃ
Active- He had sold milk.
Passive- Milk had been sold by him
Active- They had not done the work.
Passive- The work had not been done by them.
Active- Had the thieves taken away everything?
Passive- Had everything been taken away by the thieves?
Active- Had I not worked out the sum?
wank oul: অসামান স্থাজ বের করা।
Passive Had not the sum been worked out by me?
N.B. Tense অনুসারে এই Voice এর ব্যবহার খুব কম হয়।
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
8. Active Voice- এর বাক্যটি Past Perfect Continuous Tense হইলে Passive Voice- এর সময় সাহায্যকারী Verb 'had been being' হইবে। তবে এই Tense- এর ব্যবহার নাই বলিলেই চলে। যথাঃ
Active- I had been doing the work for four days. Passive- The work had been being done by me for four days.
Active- They had been writing some letters. Passive- Some letters had been being written by them.
Future Indefinite Tense
9. Active Voice-এর বাক্যটি Future Indefinite Tense হইলে Passive Voice-এ পরিবর্তন করিবার সময় Subject অনুসারে সাহায্যকারী Verb 'shall be 'বা 'will be' হইবে। যেমনঃ
Active- He will sell milk.
Passive- Milk will be sold by him.
Active- Shall I eat rice?
(Simple Futurity Simple Futurity
Passive-Will rice be eaten by me?
Active- Hira will not buy the book.
Passive The book will not be bought by Hira.
Active-Will they not catch the fish?
Passive- Will not the fish be caught by them? Active- Shall I call your sister?
Passive- Will/Shall your sister be called by me?
Note: 'Shall/Will' in the Interrogative Sentence সম্বন্ধে ভালভাবে বুঝিতে পারিলে Future Tense-এর প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্যের Voice Change করা সহজ হয়। তবে Voice- এর বেলায় 'Shall'e 'Will' কে প্রশ্নবোধক বাক্যের নিয়মে প্রয়োগ করিতে না পারিলে সকল ক্ষেত্রে ভুল ধরা হয় না।
Future Continuous Tense
10. Active Voice-এর বাক্যটি Future Continuous Tense হইলে Passive Voice করিবার সময় Subject অনুসারে সাহায্যকারী Verb 'shall be being' বা 'will be being' হইবে। যেমনঃ
Active- He will be selling milk.
Passive- Milk will be being sold by him.
Active-1 shall not be doing this task.
Passive- This task will not be being done by me. Active- Will they be flying a kite?
Passive- Will a kite be being flown by them? (Simple Futurity)
Active-Will not the teacher be teaching the student?
Passive- Will not the student be being taught by the teacher?
Future Perfect Tense
11. Active Voice-এর বাক্যটি যদি Future Perfect Tense হয়, তবে Passive Voice করিবার সময় Subject অনুসারে সাহায্যকারী Verb 'shall have been' বা 'will have been' হইবে। যেমনঃ
Active- He will have sold milk by this time.
Passive Milk will have been sold by this time by him.
Active- Will you have seen the moon ? (A destre of the person spoken to.)
Passive- Shall/Will the moon have been seen by you?
(A destre of the person spoken to.)
বিঃ দ্রঃ- Shall- এর পরিবর্তে Will বসাইলে যদিও বাক্যটি Simple Future হইবে, তবুও Correct হিসাবে গণ্য হইবে।
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
12. Active Voice এর বাক্যটি Future Perfect Continuous Tense হইলে Passive Voice- এর সময় সাহায্যকারী Verb 'shall have been being' বা 'will have been being' হইবে। (এই Tense- এর অনুসরণে Voice- এর ব্যবহার নাই।) যথাঃ
Active -I shall have been eating rice. Passive-Rice will have been being eaten by me.
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